Investigation of factors related to healthy eating behavior based on the developed theory of planned behavior in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a complicated and sensitive period, and proper nutrition in this period of life can influence the quality and quantity of growth and maturity. The aim of the present study is to determine the factors associated with healthy eating behavior based on the developed theory of planned behavior in adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive-correlational study in which 400 female students of the first grade of high school in Bandar Anzali participated. Among the junior high schools in this city, two schools were randomly selected and sampling was done using census method. Data collection tool was Healthy Eating Behavior questionnaire based on Theory of Planned Behavior, which includes three sections of demographic information, constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior, including attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention, and food behavior, and food habits questionnaire. The scale was evaluated and confirmed by content validity ratio, content validity index, and alpha coefficient. P value was considered significant at less than 5%. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software 24, through linear regression and Pearson's correlation. RESULTS: As shown by linear regression analysis, the developed theory of planned behavior is able to predict 26% of the variance of healthy eating behavior, and this predictive power is related to the constructs of behavioral intention, attitude, and habits. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, adding the variable of habits to the theory of planned behavior showed that this variable is very effective in predicting healthy eating behavior in adolescents, just like the constructs of behavioral intention and attitude. Therefore, it is suggested to carry out educational interventions based on the developed theory of planned behavior with the focus of the mentioned structures.

Evaluation of Mucous Retention Cyst Prevalence on Digital Panoramic Radiographs in the Local Population of Iran.

Introduction: Inflammatory diseases and cysts such as mucous retention cysts (MRCs) and benign tumors include a large proportion of lesions of the mouth, teeth, and jaw. The most common complication of this lesion is sinusitis. Due to the high frequency of these cysts in panoramic radiography of patients referred to dentistry, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of mucous retention cysts in the maxillary sinus on panoramic images of the local population in Birjand in the year 2020. Methods: In this descriptive research design study, 1624 digital panoramic radiographs of patients referred to the oral and maxillofacial radiology department of Birjand Dental School were selected randomly. Cases were evaluated in terms of MRC appearance by two oral and maxillofacial radiology specialists. Then, based on sex, location, and size of the cysts, the images were assessed. In the predesigned checklists, data were recorded. The MRC diagnosis was confirmed by observation of a dome-shaped radiopaque view on the floor or sinus walls with a smooth surface with no cortical margin. MRCs were categorized into one of three groups by size: 1- less than 10 mm, 2- between 10 and 20 mm, and 3- more than 20 mm. Bilateral or unilateral involvement of lesions was noted. Seasons of the year (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between the month of the year and the prevalence of cysts (P > 0.05). Results: MRCs were detected in 80 panoramic images of 1624 (9/4), of which 54 patients (67.5%) were male and 26 patients (32.5%) were female. Of those 34 (42.5%), the total cases were between 30 and 40 years old. Most cysts (58.8%) were in the right sinus, and their size was 10-20 mm mainly (43.4%). Based on the results, there was a significant relationship between the prevalence of MRCs with age and sex. Conclusions: Panoramic images are so helpful in MRC detection. In this study, the frequency of MRCs is the highest in males between 30 and 40 years old. These lesions are reported mainly as unilateral and solitary in spring.

Dental pulp stem cells for reconstructing bone defects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bone reconstruction with appropriate quality and quantity for dental implant replacement in the alveolar ridge is a challenge in dentistry. As dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) could be a new perspective in bone regeneration in the future, this study investigated the bone regeneration process by DPSCs. Methods: Electronic searches for articles in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were completed until 21 April 2022. The most important inclusion criteria for selecting in vivo studies reporting quantitative data based on new bone volume and new bone area. The quality assessment was performed based on Cochrane's checklist. Results: After the title, abstract, and full-text screening of 762 studies, 23 studies were included. A meta-analysis of 70 studies that reported bone regeneration based on new bone area showed a statistically significant favorable influence on bone tissue regeneration compared to the control groups (P<0.00001, standardized mean difference [SMD]=2.40, 95% CI: 1.55‒3.26; I2=83%). Also, the meta-analysis of 14 studies that reported new bone regeneration based on bone volume showed a statistically significant favorable influence on bone tissue regeneration compared to the control groups (P=0.0003, SMD=1.85, 95% CI: 0.85‒2.85; I2=84%). Conclusion: This systematic review indicated that DPSCs in tissue regeneration therapy significantly affected bone tissue complex regeneration. However, more and less diverse preclinical studies will enable more powerful meta-analyses in the future.

The Relationship between Different Levels of Health Literacy and Smoking Prevention Among Medical Sciences Student.

BACKGROUND: Higher rates of Smoking among university students have been reported in various studies. On the other hand, health literacy (HL) can improve health behaviors. In fact, identifying factors affecting the adoption of smoking preventive behaviors such as HL can help prevent and reduce the prevalence of smoking among people. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between different levels of HL and adoption of smoking preventive behaviors among university student in 2016. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Three hundred and forty-seven dormitory students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Iran were selected through single-stage cluster sampling for the study. Data were collected using a measure of HL (the HL inventory for adults-HELIA) and a designed questionnaire to assess the adoption of smoking preventive behaviors. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version. 16 and descriptive statistical and Logistic regression test. RESULTS: The mean (SD) of the score for adoption of smoking preventive behaviors and HL were 45.91 (12.99) and 70.52 (14.12) out of 100, respectively. The results showed that the adoption of smoking preventive behaviors had significant relationship with variables such as HL, gender, father's education and not smoking (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Less adoption of smoking preventive behaviors was seen in students with lower levels of HL, female students, students with illiterate fathers and smokers. Therefore, it seems essential to take these factors into consideration in designing preventive programs for smoking in target groups.